Chemical constituents in Dolomiaea plants and their pharmacological activities: a review / 中国中药杂志

Dolomiaea plants are perennial herbs in the Asteraceae family with a long medicinal history. They are rich in chemical constituents, mainly including sesquiterpenes, phenylpropanoids, triterpenes, and steroids. The extracts and chemical constituents of Dolomiaea plants have various pharmacological effects, such as anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antitumor, anti-gastric ulcer, hepatoprotective and choleretic effects. However, there are few reports on Dolomiaea plants. This study systematically reviewed the research progress on the chemical constituents and pharmacological effects of Dolomiaea plants to provide references for the further development and research of Dolomiaea plants.

Spectrum-effect relationship of anti-gastric ulcer effect of Shaoyao gancao decoction / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE To study the sp ectrum-effect relationship of anti-gastric ulcer effect of Shaoyao gancao decoction. METHODS Eleven batches of Shaoyao gancao decoction were prepared ；gastric ulcer model was established by anhydrous ethanol modeling method. Using Weikangling as positive control ，the effects of Shaoyao gancao decoction on the contents of defensive factors [nitric oxide （NO），epidermal growth factor （EGF），superoxide dismutase （SOD）] and attack factor [malondialdehyde （MDA）] in gastric tissue of model rats were investigated. HPLC fingerprints of 11 batches of Shaoyao gancao decoction were established and similarity evaluation was performed with Similarity Evaluation System of Traditional Chinese Medicine Chromatographic Fingerprint （2004A edition ）； common peaks were identified by comparing with mixed control. The spectrum-effect relationship of Shaoyao gancao decoction against gastric ulcer was analyzed based on the grey correlation analysis. RESULTS Eleven batches of Shaoyao ganyao decoction could significantly decrease the content of MDA in gastric tissue ，while increased the contents of NO ，EGF and SOD in gastric ulcer model rats （P＜0.01），and had a certain inhibitory effect on the gastric ulcer. There were 23 common peaks in chromatograms of 11 batches of samples ，and the similarity with the control fingerprint was not less than 0.9. By comparing with mixed control ，7 common peaks were identified ，namely gallic acid （peak 5），albiflorin（peak 9），paeoniflorin（peak 10），liquiritin（peak 12），isoliquiritin apioside （peak 14），isoliquiritoside（peak 15）， glycyrrhizic acid （peak 22）. The average correlation degree of 7 identified common peaks and pharmacodynamic indexes were greater than 0.6，of which peak 22（glycyrrhizic acid ），peak 10（paeoniflorin）and peak 12（liquiritin）had the largest correlation ， and their values were 0.807，0.772 and 0.770 respectively. RESULTS The anti-gastric ulcer effect of Shaoyao gancao decoction is the result of the synergistic effect of multiple components ，among which glycyrrhizic acid ，paeoniflorin and liquiritin may be the main pharmacodynamic components.

Advances in Pharmacological Studies of Patchouli Alcohol / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Patchouli Alcohol (PA) is the main bioactive constituent of Pogostemon cablin Pharmacological researches have reported various benefits of PA, including anti-infammatory, anti-gastric ulcer, anticancer, protecting against alung and brain injury, antibacterial, prevention of mastitis, colitis and arteriosclerosis, anti-photoaging, treatment of diarrhea irritable bowel syndrome, antioxidant stress, vasodilation and anti-injury.The preliminary study on the mechanism showed that anti-inflammatory effect was related to the down-regulation of mRNA expression of inflammatory mediators to inhibit the production of proinflammatory cytokines and the reduction of extracellular regulated protein kinases (ERK)-mediated nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) activation.The anti-gastric ulcer, protection of lung injury and brain injury and anti-photoaging were related to antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects.The mechanism of anti-human leukemic cell line MV4-11 migh be associated with the changes of NF-κB, phosphorylated M2 pyruvate kinase (p-PKM2) and cysteine aspartate protease-3 (Caspase-3) protein expressions.The proposed mechanisms of anti-human colorectal cancer cells included the inhibition of histone deacetylase (HDAC)-2 expression and HDAC enzyme activity, and subsequent downregulation of c-myc and activation of NF-κB pathway.Apoptosis of A549 cells was induced by blocking the phosphorylation of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) pathway and activating c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK). Anti-prostate cancer was related to the activation of mitochondrial cytochrome C apoptosis pathway, and its antiviral effect may be related to the regulation of RIG-1-like helicases (RLH) signal pathway or the direct binding of virus protein or nucleic acid and the binding site of virus to cells to block the adsorption of virus to cells.The mechanism of its antibacterial, prevention of mastitis, colitis and arteriosclerosis was closely related to anti-inflammation.The pharmacological effects of PA need to be further studied.In order to accelerate the exploration and discovery other molecular mechanism of PA, and expand its application prospects.This review comprehensively summarizes the metabolism, biological activities, and possible mechanism of PA, in order to provide references for the development and application of PA.

Protective effect of halophyte Salsola komarovi Iljin against gastric ulcer Induced by alcohol treatment in rats / 동물의과학연구지

Salsola komarovi Iljin is a halophyte and herbaceous annual native to the sand dunes and beaches of Japan, northern China, Sakhalin, and Korea. The plants have been known as an ecologically important species for enhancing formation of sand dunes in Korea. The purpose of this study was to examine the anti-gastric ulcer effect of Salsola komarovi Iljin halophyte in an HCl-ethanol-induced gastritis model. SD rats (7-weeks-old) were divided into normal (I, n=10), control (II, 60% HCl-ethanol + water, n=10), 60% HCl-ethanol + Ranitidine 300 mg/kg (III, n=10), 60% HCl-ethanol + Salicornia herbacea L. 500 mg/kg (IV, n=10), 60% HCl-ethanol + 50% alcohol extract of Salsola komarovi Iljin 500 mg/kg (V, n=10), and 60% HCl-ethanol + water extract of Salsola komarovi Iljin 500 mg/kg (VI, n=10) groups. Salsola komarovi Iljin significantly suppressed gastric lesions and ulcers in the 60% HClethanol-induced gastric model. Especially, 500 mg/kg of 50% alcohol extract of Salsola komarovi Iljin showed significant inhibitory effects against gastritis. Especially, 50% alcohol extract of Salsola komarovi Iljin 500 mg/kg showed a significantly inhibitory effect, which was more potent than that of 300 mg/kg of Ranitidine. In histopathological analysis of the animal model, Salsola komarovi Iljin attenuated gastric ulcer formation. Our results suggest that Salsola komarovi Iljin has inhibitory effects against gastritis and gastric ulcers and could be developed as a new anti-gastric ulcer agent.

Comparative study of Sea buckthorn pulp oil with its seed oil on anti-gastric ulcer action and its mechanism / 中成药

Objective: To compare anti-gastric ulcer action of sea buckthorn pulp oil(SBPO) with sea buckthorn seed oil(SBSO) and to explore its mechanism. Methods : The anti-gastric ulcer actions of SBPO and SBSO were observed and compared on the gastric ulcer induced by water immersion stress, reserpine, pylorus ligation and acetic acid. The effects on gastric secretion in rats were studied with pylorus ligation. The effects on gastric emptying were observed by methyl orange remaining rate in stomach of mouse. The analgesic effect was tested by the hot-plate method and writhing method. Results : SBPO and SBSO markedly inhibited gastric ulcer induced by water immersion stress, reserpine and pylorus ligation and promoted the healing of the gastric ulcer induced by acetic acid. SBPO and SBSO significantly inhibited the secretion of gastric acid and pepsin and promoted the secretion of gastric mucous. SBPO and SBSO delayed gastric emptying in normal mouse. SBPO and SBSO significantly decreased the number of twisting body in mice. Conclusion : Both SBPO and SBSO could have anti-gastric ulcer effect with similar potency. The mechanism of anti-gastric ulcer might be their effect of inhibition of the secrection of gastric juice, promotion of the secrection of gastric mucous, inhibition of activity of gastric smooth muscle and analgetic effect.